Internet/IP address functions

The following functions manipulate IP network and/or host addresses. The addresses are varchar arguments in inet format: N[.N[.N[.$N]]]{$/B|:$IP}]$ where N is a decimal, octal or hexadecimal integer from 0 to 255, B is a decimal, octal or hexadecimal netmask integer from 0 to 32, and IP is an IP address netmask of the form N[.N[.N[.N]]]. If only x Ns are specified, the last N may be 5-x bytes in size instead of 1 byte. E.g. "1.2.65535" is legal (last N is 2 bytes), whereas "1.2.3.65535" is not. If no netmask (/B|:IP) is specified, the netmask will be calculated from standard class A/B/C/D/E rules, but it will be at least large enough to include all specified bytes of the IP. (Thus, to get the class A/B/C/D/E netmask of an IP address via inetnetmask(), just give the first/highest N byte of the IP, as this is the sole determiner of class.) If an IP netmask is specified, only the largest contiguous set of most-significant 1 bits are used. Examples: "1.2.3.4" (netmask is /32 because 4 bytes given), "10" (netmask is /8 because it is a Class A address), "1.2.3.4/10", "67305985" (e.g. 4.3.2.1).

The inet functions were added in version 5.01.1113268256 of Apr 11 2005 and include the following. See also the Vortex <urlutil> equivalents:

• inetabbrev(inet) Returns the shortest canonical representation of inet. This will include all contiguous most-significant bytes of the network, non-zero bytes of the host, and a netmask. Other trailing 0 bytes of the IP may be trimmed. Empty string is returned on error.

• inetcanon(inet) Returns canonical representation of inet. This is dotted-decimal with all 4 bytes, and a /N netmask. Empty string is returned on error.

• inetnetwork(inet) Returns 4-decimal IP address with the network bits of inet, and the host bits set to 0. Empty string is returned on error.

• inethost(inet) Returns 4-decimal IP address with the host bits of inet, and the network bits set to 0. Empty string is returned on error.

• inetbroadcast(inet) Returns 4-decimal IP broadcast address for inet, i.e. with the network bits, and host bits set to 1. Empty string is returned on error.

• inetnetmask(inet) Returns 4-decimal IP netmask for inet, i.e. with the network bits set to 1, and host bits set to 0. Empty string is returned on error.

• inetnetmasklen(inet) Returns integer netmask length of $inet. -1 is returned on error.

• inetcontains(inetA, inetB) Returns 1 if inetA contains inetB, i.e. every address in inetB occurs within the inetA network. 0 is returned if not, or -1 on error.

• inetclass(inet) Returns class of inet, e.g. A, B, C, D, E or classless if a different netmask is used. Empty string is returned on error.

• inet2int(inet) Returns integer representation of IP network/host bits of inet (i.e. without netmask). Useful for compact storage of IPv4 address as integers instead of strings. -1 is returned on error (note that -1 may also be legitimately returned for an all-ones IP address, e.g. "255.255.255.255").

• int2inet(i) Returns inet string for integer i taken as an IP address. Since no netmask can be stored in the integer form of an IP address, the returned IP string will not have a netmask. Empty string is returned on error.